Step 1 | 11 Endocrine System

11.1     Normal processes

11.1.1  embryonic development, fetal maturation, and perinatal changes

11.1.2  organ structure and function

11.1.2.1   hypothalamus, posterior and anterior pituitary gland
11.1.2.2   thyroid gland
11.1.2.3   parathyroid glands
11.1.2.4   adrenal cortex, adrenal medulla
11.1.2.5   pancreatic islets
11.1.2.6   ovary and testis
11.1.2.7   adipose tissue

11.1.3  cell/tissue structure and function, including hormone synthesis, secretion, action, and metabolism

11.1.3.1   peptide hormones
11.1.3.2   steroid hormones, including vitamin D
11.1.3.3   thyroid hormones
11.1.3.4   catecholamine hormones
11.1.3.5   renin-angiotensin system

11.1.4  repair, regeneration, and changes associated with stage of life

11.2     Abnormal processes

11.2.1  infectious, inflammatory, and immunologic disorders

11.2.1.1   infectious disorders (eg, subacute thyroiditis, mumps)
11.2.1.2   immunologic disorders (eg, Graves disease, Hashimoto disease)
11.2.1.3   inflammatory disorders (eg, sarcoidosis)

11.2.2  traumatic and mechanical disorders

11.2.3  neoplastic disorders

11.2.3.1   pituitary (including craniopharyngioma)
11.2.3.2   thyroid
11.2.3.3   parathyroid
11.2.3.4   adrenal cortex
11.2.3.5   pancreatic islets
11.2.3.6   neural crest, pheochromocytoma

11.2.4  metabolic and regulatory processes

11.2.4.1   diabetes mellitus (types I and II), ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar coma
11.2.4.2   pituitary, hypothalamus (eg, central diabetes insipidus, syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH, hypopituitarism, acromegaly)
11.2.4.3   thyroid (eg, hypothyroidism, thyrotoxicosis), euthyroid sick syndrome
11.2.4.4   parathyroid (eg, hyperparathyroidism, hypoparathyroidism), hypocalcemia, hypercalcemia, metabolic bone disorders
11.2.4.5   pancreatic islet disorders (eg, hyperinsulinism)
11.2.4.6   adrenal disorders (eg, Cushing syndrome, adrenocortical insufficiency, hyperaldosteronism)

11.2.5  vascular disorders (eg, pituitary apoplexy)

11.2.6  systemic disorders affecting the endocrine system

11.2.7  idiopathic disorders (eg, hirsutism)

11.3     Principles of therapeutics

11.3.1  mechanisms of action, use, and adverse effects of drugs for treatment of disorders of the endocrine system

11.3.1.1   hormones and hormone analogs
11.3.1.2   stimulators of hormone production (eg, sulfonylureas)
11.3.1.3   inhibitors of hormone production (eg, thiouracils)
11.3.1.4   hormone antagonists
11.3.1.5   potentiators of hormone action (eg, thiazolidinediones)
11.3.1.6   antiobesity agents

11.3.2  other therapeutic modalities (eg, surgery, radiation)

11.4     Gender, ethnic, and behavioral considerations affecting disease treatment and prevention, including psychosocial, cultural, occupational, and environmental

11.4.1  emotional and behavioral factors (eg, compliance in diabetes mellitus, factitious use of insulin, psychogenic polydipsia)

11.4.2  influence on person, family, and society

11.4.3  occupational and other environmental risk factors (eg, radiation exposure, iodine deficiency)

11.4.4  gender and ethnic factors